mineral
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, colors typically red, brown, yellow, or green due to iron oxide impurities, waxy to dull luster, cryptocrystalline crystal structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, colors typically red, brown, yellow, or green due to iron oxide impurities, waxy to dull luster, cryptocrystalline crystal structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich waters precipitating in sedimentary environments or volcanic ash beds, often during hydrothermal activity. Can be millions of years old.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for ornamental objects, carved gemstones, cabochons for jewelry, and lapidary work.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since antiquity for seals, signet rings, and talismans, and is mentioned in various historical and biblical texts.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its opaque nature, smooth conchoidal break, and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. Commonly found worldwide in riverbeds, sedimentary deposits, and volcanic regions.
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