sedimentary
Jasper
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, varies in color (typically red, brown, yellow, or green due to impurities), waxy to dull luster, cryptocrystalline structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, varies in color (typically red, brown, yellow, or green due to impurities), waxy to dull luster, cryptocrystalline structure, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica-rich sediments or volcanic ash in marine environments, often precipitated from silica-rich fluids in fractures or cavities over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in ornamental carvings, cabochons for jewelry, decorative objects, and as a popular specimen for lapidary work and rock collectors.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used by ancient civilizations for thousands of years to create tools, seals, and talismans. Its red color is typically caused by iron oxide inclusions.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by its conchoidal fracture, high hardness (scratches glass), and opaque appearance. Found worldwide in riverbeds, mountainous regions, and sedimentary deposits.
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