sedimentary
Jasper
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, predominantly red with brown and translucent quartz patches, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline crystal structure, conchoidal fracture with no cleavage, and a specific gravity around 2.58 to 2.91.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, predominantly red with brown and translucent quartz patches, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline crystal structure, conchoidal fracture with no cleavage, and a specific gravity around 2.58 to 2.91.
Formation & geological history
Forms from the precipitation of silica-rich fluids in sedimentary environments or hydrothermal veins, often incorporating iron oxides which give it the characteristic red coloration.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in lapidary arts, making cabochons, beads, decorative carvings, and ornamental objects as well as collected by enthusiasts.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used by ancient peoples worldwide for thousands of years to create tools, seals, and jewelry. The red color is typically due to hematite inclusions.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its distinct red color, smooth waxy feel when polished or water-worn, and hardness that easily scratches glass. Found worldwide, particularly in areas with ancient marine deposits or volcanic activity.
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