sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz
Hardness: 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, brownish-yellow, often opaque; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (exhibits conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Yellow, brownish-yellow, often opaque
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, brownish-yellow, often opaque; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (exhibits conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Forms from silica-rich solutions in sedimentary or volcanic environments, where silica precipitates and replaces other minerals (silicification) or fills cavities over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used for making ornamental objects, cabochons, beads, carvings, and as a semi-precious gemstone.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for talismans, seals, and jewelry. Yellow jasper specifically was associated by ancient cultures with protection, grounding, and physical vitality.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by its smooth, opaque, waxy-to-dull luster and distinct yellow color. Found globally in riverbeds, alluvial deposits, and hydrothermal veins. Common locations include India, Madagascar, Brazil, and the USA.
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