sedimentary

Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Brown, red, yellow, green, or multicolored due to iron oxide impurities. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline aggregate). Cleavage: None, exhibits conchoidal fracture. Specific gravity: 2.58 to 2.91.

Hardness: 6
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified August 5, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in silica-rich sedimentary environments or volcanic ash deposits where silica precipitates out of solution, often replacing other minerals or organic material over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in lapidary arts, ornamental carvings, polished cabochons, and as a collector's mineral specimen.

Geological facts

Jasper has been used by ancient civilizations since prehistoric times to create tools, seals, and ornaments. Its name derives from the ancient Greek word iaspis, meaning 'spotted stone.'

Field identification & locations

Easily identified in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), waxy-to-dull luster, conchoidal fracture, and opaque earthy tones. Found worldwide in riverbeds, beaches, and mountainous regions.