mineral
Kidney Stone
Calcium Oxalate (CaC2O4), Uric Acid, or Struvite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 2.5-4 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or yellow; Luster: Dull to waxy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic or orthorhombic; Cleavage: None
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Tan, brown, or yellow
- Luster
- Dull to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-4 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or yellow; Luster: Dull to waxy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic or orthorhombic; Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed in the human urinary tract via biomineralization. These occur when urine contains more crystal-forming substances than the fluid can dilute.
Uses & applications
Medical diagnostic specimen; used for laboratory analysis to determine the patient's metabolic health and dietary needs.
Geological facts
Kidney stones are medically known as nephrolithiasis. They can vary in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball. The largest kidney stone ever recorded weighed nearly 2 pounds.
Field identification & locations
Identified by their irregular, often jagged-edged appearance and organic coloring. Found in medical contexts following surgical removal or natural passing.
