gemstone
Lake Superior Agate
Silicon Dioxide (Chalcedony)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, waxy luster, trigonal crystal system, and distinct concentric color banding in red, orange, and white.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale, waxy luster, trigonal crystal system, and distinct concentric color banding in red, orange, and white.
Formation & geological history
Formed roughly 1.1 billion years ago via mineral-rich hydrothermal fluids filling gas cavities in basaltic lava flows.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry making, lapidary arts, and sought after by rockhounds and mineral collectors.
Geological facts
It is the official state gemstone of Minnesota and is renowned for its rich red and orange hues caused by iron oxidation.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its waxy feel, conchoidal fracture, and striking concentric rings; commonly found in glacial drift throughout the upper Midwestern United States.
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