metamorphic
Lapis Lazuli
Lapis Lazuli (Complex aggregate of Lazurite, Calcite, and Pyrite)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Deep celestial blue with golden pyrite inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Isometric (as lazurite); Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.9
- Hardness
- 5-5
- Color
- Deep celestial blue with golden pyrite inclusions
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Deep celestial blue with golden pyrite inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Isometric (as lazurite); Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.9
Formation & geological history
Formed through the contact metamorphism of limestone into marble. It is typically found in deep blue veins within crystalline marble environments, often millions of years old.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for jewelry, ornamental carvings, lapidary arts, and historically as a pigment (ultramarine) for fine art painting.
Geological facts
Lapis lazuli was highly prized in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia; it was used for the funeral mask of Tutankhamun. The name comes from the Persian word 'lazhuward' meaning blue.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the unique combination of intense blue color and golden 'specks' of iron pyrite. Major deposits are found in Afghanistan, Chile, and Russia. Low-quality specimens may be dyed.
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