sedimentary
Laterite Gravel with Quartz
Ferruginous Laterite (Fe2O3·nH2O)
Hardness: 4-6 (concretionary matrix), Color: Reddish-brown to orange (iron oxide staining), Luster: Dull/Earthy, Structure: Pisolitic (pea-sized grains) or granular, containing white quartz inclusions.
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Physical properties
Hardness: 4-6 (concretionary matrix), Color: Reddish-brown to orange (iron oxide staining), Luster: Dull/Earthy, Structure: Pisolitic (pea-sized grains) or granular, containing white quartz inclusions.
Formation & geological history
Formed in tropical and subtropical regions through intense chemical weathering (laterization) of underlying parent rock. Iron and aluminum are concentrated as more soluble elements are leached out. Common in Angola (Kwanza Norte region).
Uses & applications
Used extensively in road construction as sub-base material, in bricks, and as a primary source of iron and aluminum (bauxite) in certain regions.
Geological facts
Laterite was historically used for monumental architecture in Southeast Asia (e.g., Angkor Wat base). It is a signature soil/rock of the humid tropics.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its deep rust color, crumbly texture that turns hard when exposed to air, and common association with quartz pebbles. Found widely across the Angolan plateau.
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