sedimentary
Laterite
Laterite (Iron- and aluminum-rich residual rock)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness varies from 1 to 6 depending on iron content; reddish-brown color due to iron oxides; dull luster; porous and earthy structure with no cleavage.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness varies from 1 to 6 depending on iron content; reddish-brown color due to iron oxides; dull luster; porous and earthy structure with no cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Formed through intense and prolonged weathering of underlying parent rocks in hot, wet tropical and subtropical climates, leaving insoluble iron and aluminum oxides.
Uses & applications
Used historically as building blocks (cut into bricks when wet) and as a primary ore for aluminum (bauxite) and iron.
Geological facts
Laterite hardens irreversibly upon exposure to air, making it durable for ancient construction like the temples of Angkor Wat.
Field identification & locations
Identified easily by its distinctive reddish-brown porous appearance and strong iron enrichment, commonly found in tropical regions worldwide.
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