sedimentary
Limestone
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 3 on the Mohs scale, typically gray, tan, or white with a dull to earthy luster, and reacts strongly with hydrochloric acid.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale, typically gray, tan, or white with a dull to earthy luster, and reacts strongly with hydrochloric acid.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation of skeletal fragments of marine organisms or direct chemical precipitation in shallow marine environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction as building stone, aggregate in concrete, and as a primary raw material for manufacturing cement and agricultural lime.
Geological facts
Limestone is famous for forming extensive cave systems and karst topography due to its solubility in slightly acidic groundwater.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinctive layered bedding and vigorous fizzing reaction when exposed to acid; found globally in sedimentary basins.
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Fossil-bearing concretion, possibly containing a fossil shell or other organic inclusion
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Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
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Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Sandstone
Arenite
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Shale
Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)
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Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
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