sedimentary
Limestone
Calcareous sedimentary rock (CaCO3)
Hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale, color ranges from white, gray, yellow to brown, dull to earthy luster, microcrystalline or granular structure, good cleavage in some calcite forms, specific gravity around 2.7.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale, color ranges from white, gray, yellow to brown, dull to earthy luster, microcrystalline or granular structure, good cleavage in some calcite forms, specific gravity around 2.7.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and compaction of organic remains like shells, coral, and algae, or through the chemical precipitation of calcium carbonate from water in marine environments, often dating from the Paleozoic to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction as building stone, crushed stone for road base, production of cement and lime, agricultural soil conditioning, and in the manufacturing of glass and paper.
Geological facts
Limestone often contains well-preserved fossils of ancient marine life. Famous architectural structures like the Great Pyramid of Giza and parts of the Empire State Building utilize limestone.
Field identification & locations
Can be easily identified in the field by its characteristic fizz or effervescence when a drop of weak hydrochloric acid or vinegar is applied due to the release of carbon dioxide gas. Found worldwide in sedimentary basins and ancient sea beds.
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