
mineral
Limonite/goethite-rich ironstone concretion (probable)
Goethite–limonite, chiefly FeO(OH)·nH₂O, possibly with hematite and manganese oxides
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness about 4–5.5 Mohs; dark brown-black to yellow-brown weathering colors, earthy to submetallic luster, irregular concentric or botryoidal texture, and no consistent cleavage. The rounded layered form suggests an iron-oxide concretion or replacement nodule.
Identified More mineral →
Explore Limonite/goethite-rich ironstone concretion (probable) in the encyclopedia →Identify your own rocks.
Get a report just like this from any photo, free.
Physical properties
Hardness about 4–5.5 Mohs; dark brown-black to yellow-brown weathering colors, earthy to submetallic luster, irregular concentric or botryoidal texture, and no consistent cleavage. The rounded layered form suggests an iron-oxide concretion or replacement nodule.
Formation & geological history
Likely formed when iron-bearing groundwater precipitated hydrated iron oxides around a nucleus, producing concentric growth and later weathering. Such concretions commonly form in sedimentary or weathering environments, generally at shallow geological depths; age cannot be determined from the photograph.
Uses & applications
Used historically as iron ore and pigment; attractive specimens are kept in mineral collections, though this material is generally not a jewelry stone.
Geological facts
Yellow coatings commonly reflect limonite mixtures, while harder dark surfaces may contain goethite or hematite. Identification can be tested with streak: goethite/limonite typically gives a yellow-brown to brown streak and may be weakly magnetic if magnetite is present.
Field identification & locations
Common in iron-rich soils, sedimentary beds, laterites, and mine dumps worldwide, especially around weathered iron deposits. Confirm with streak, hardness, density, magnetism, and ideally laboratory analysis; the image alone cannot establish exact species.
More like this
Other mineral specimens
Gneiss or Schist
Gneiss or Mica Schist with Garnet
Metamorphic
Limonite
FeO(OH)•nH2O
mineral
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Tumbled granite
Granite, a coarse-grained felsic intrusive igneous rock
igneous
Feldspar
Feldspar Group (Tectosilicate, e.g., KAlSi3O8)
mineral
Pegmatite with Tourmaline and Quartz
Igneous Pegmatite
igneous