mineral

Magnetite or Hematite (Iron Stone)

Magnetite (Fe3O4) or Hematite (Fe2O3)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Black, dark gray, or brownish-red; Luster: Sub-metallic to dull; Crystal Structure: Isometric or Hexagonal; Streak: Black (Magnetite) or Red/Cherry-red (Hematite).

Hardness: 5
Color: Black, dark gray, or brownish-red
Luster: Sub-metallic to dull

Identified July 20, 2026More mineral →

Explore Magnetite or Hematite (Iron Stone) in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Black, dark gray, or brownish-red; Luster: Sub-metallic to dull; Crystal Structure: Isometric or Hexagonal; Streak: Black (Magnetite) or Red/Cherry-red (Hematite).

Formation & geological history

Commonly forms in igneous and metamorphic rocks through hydrothermal processes, or in sedimentary environments as banded iron formations (BIFs). Many were formed over 2 billion years ago during the Great Oxygenation Event.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron used for steel production; also used as a heavy media for coal washing, in pigments, and as a polishing agent (jeweler's rouge).

Geological facts

Magnetite is the most magnetic naturally occurring mineral on Earth. Lodestones are naturally magnetized pieces of magnetite used by ancient civilizations for early navigation compasses.

Field identification & locations

Identify using a magnet or a streak test. Magnetite will be strongly attracted to a magnet, while Hematite will leave a reddish-brown streak on unglazed porcelain. Commonly found in lake beds, mountain ranges, and beach sands as 'black sand'.