mineral

Malachite cabochon or polished bead

Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Vivid emerald to dark green concentric banding with silky-to-glassy polish; monoclinic crystals, typically massive and opaque. Mohs hardness 3.5–4, specific gravity about 3.6–4.0, with perfect cleavage in crystals.

Identified September 20, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

A secondary copper carbonate formed by weathering and oxidation of copper sulfide deposits, commonly in the near-surface zones of ore bodies. Most gem-quality material is geologically young relative to its host deposits, often Cenozoic or older depending on locality.

Uses & applications

Used for carved ornaments, beads, cabochons, pigment, decorative stone, and historically as a copper ore. Avoid grinding or ingesting dust, which may contain toxic copper compounds.

Geological facts

The distinctive curved or concentric green banding is a major diagnostic feature; lighter green bands are generally less dense than dark bands. It commonly occurs with azurite, chrysocolla, and native copper.

Field identification & locations

Common localities include the Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Russia’s Urals, Australia, and Arizona. Identify it by green banding, relatively low hardness, high density, and fizzing in warm dilute acid; this appears polished and may be a composite or dyed product, so testing is advisable.