metamorphic
Marble
Metamorphosed Limestone (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White with grey veining; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal (calcite crystals); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral (in individual crystals); Specific gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- White with grey veining
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: White with grey veining; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal (calcite crystals); Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral (in individual crystals); Specific gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed when limestone is subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism, causing recrystallization of the original carbonate mineral grains. This typically occurs at convergent plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for countertops, flooring, and tiles. Also a primary material for sculpture, architectural accents, and in ground form as a calcium supplement or industrial abrasive.
Geological facts
The word 'marble' derives from the Greek 'marmaros,' meaning 'shining stone.' Famous statues like Michelangelo's David were carved from Carrara marble from Italy.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its softness (can be scratched by a steel knife) and its reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid (it will fizz). Commonly found in mountainous regions with a history of volcanic or tectonic activity.
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