igneous
Granite
Felsic Intrusive Igneous Rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Salt and pepper (white, gray, black)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, black); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a major component of continental crust, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest substances in the world, second only to diamonds. It makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust and is famous for forming landmarks like Yosemite's Half Dome.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking granular texture where individual crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica are visible to the naked eye. Found globally in mountainous regions and shield areas.
