metamorphic
Mica Schist
Mica Schist (primarily muscovite and biotite)
Medium-grained foliated rock; displays a high degree of 'schistosity' (sparkly, flaky texture). Hardness: variable, usually 3.5-5 depending on mineral content. Color: Silvery-gray, greenish-gray, or brown. Luster: Pearly to metallic. Crystal structure: Monoclinic (in the micas).
- Hardness
- variable, usually 3
- Color
- Silvery-gray, greenish-gray, or brown
- Luster
- Pearly to metallic
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Physical properties
Medium-grained foliated rock; displays a high degree of 'schistosity' (sparkly, flaky texture). Hardness: variable, usually 3.5-5 depending on mineral content. Color: Silvery-gray, greenish-gray, or brown. Luster: Pearly to metallic. Crystal structure: Monoclinic (in the micas).
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of shale, phyllite, or mudstone under moderate temperatures and pressures. Most common in mountain belts and continental shields resulting from tectonic plate collisions.
Uses & applications
Used historically as building stone and for walkways. Sometimes used as an ornamental stone in landscaping. High-quality mica extracted from schist is used in the electronics industry and cosmetics for sparkle.
Geological facts
The word 'schist' is derived from the Greek 'schistos', meaning 'split', referring to the ease with which the rock can be split into thin layers. Schist is the source of many garnets.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its sparkly, layered appearance; it will often flake off in small, shiny bits if scratched. Commonly found in metamorphic terrains like the Appalachian Mountains in the US or the Alps in Europe.
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