mineral

Milky quartz with iron staining

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically white to translucent with a vitreous-to-waxy luster; hardness 7 Mohs, no cleavage, conchoidal fracture, hexagonal crystal structure, and specific gravity about 2.65. The tan-brown areas are likely iron-oxide staining or attached weathered host rock.

Identified September 22, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich fluids crystallize in veins, cavities, or fractures, commonly in igneous and metamorphic terrains; individual vein specimens may range from Precambrian to recent geological ages.

Uses & applications

Common quartz is used in glass, ceramics, abrasives, engineered stone, and electronics; attractive pieces are sold as inexpensive mineral specimens, usually about $1–$10.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of Earth’s most abundant minerals and is resistant to weathering, so it often accumulates in stream gravels and soils.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by its glassy appearance, lack of cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and inability to scratch with a steel knife while scratching ordinary glass. Common worldwide, especially in quartz veins and hydrothermal deposits.