mineral
Moss Agate
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: Clear or milky white with green, dendritic inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.64.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Clear or milky white with green, dendritic inclusions
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7 on Mohs scale; Color: Clear or milky white with green, dendritic inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.64.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from groundwater in cavities of igneous rocks. The 'moss' appearance is caused by manganese or iron oxide inclusions that form dendritic patterns. These can range from millions to hundreds of millions of years old depending on the host rock formation.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for rock collectors and metaphysical practitioners.
Geological facts
Despite its name, moss agate does not contain organic matter; the mossy patterns are strictly mineral-based. It was historically viewed as a stone of agriculture and gardeners, believed to help crops flourish.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its translucent body combined with dark green or black filament-like patterns. Common locations include India, Brazil, Uruguay, and the United States (specifically the Yellowstone River area). It is often found as river-worn pebbles or within volcanic rock vugs.
