sedimentary/mineral
Red Jasper
SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions)
Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Brick red to deep brownish-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to deep brownish-red
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Brick red to deep brownish-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed primarily through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into volcanic ash or fine-grained sediments, occurring over millions of years as the silica crystallizes into microcrystalline quartz. The red color is caused by high concentrations of hematite (iron) inclusions.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in lapidary work for cabochons, beads, and carvings; historically used for seals and amulets; also used as an ornamental stone in interior design and landscaping.
Geological facts
Red Jasper has been used since antiquity; it was known as a 'warrior's stone' in ancient cultures and is mentioned in the Bible as one of the stones in the High Priest's Breastplate. It is a variety of chalcedony.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its deep red color, conchoidal fracture (curved breakages), and extreme hardness (it will scratch glass). Commonly found in the United States (western states), India, Russia, Brazil, and France. Collectors look for uniform color or unique patterns.
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