Rock Identifier
Native copper-bearing rock (probable copper ore) (Native copper (Cu), likely with cuprite (Cu₂O), malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂), and iron-oxide matrix) — mineral
mineral

Native copper-bearing rock (probable copper ore)

Native copper (Cu), likely with cuprite (Cu₂O), malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂), and iron-oxide matrix

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Metallic copper-red and green surface, locally earthy to submetallic luster; native copper is Mohs 2.5–3 and very dense (specific gravity ~8.9), while associated oxides are softer. The irregular, massive texture shows no obvious cleavage or crystal form.

Identified More mineral
Explore Native copper-bearing rock (probable copper ore) in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

Physical properties

Metallic copper-red and green surface, locally earthy to submetallic luster; native copper is Mohs 2.5–3 and very dense (specific gravity ~8.9), while associated oxides are softer. The irregular, massive texture shows no obvious cleavage or crystal form.

Formation & geological history

Forms when copper-rich hydrothermal fluids precipitate native copper and secondary oxidation minerals in volcanic or sedimentary host rocks. The specimen’s age depends on its deposit, commonly Paleozoic to Cenozoic.

Uses & applications

Copper ore is smelted for electrical wire, plumbing, alloys, and industrial equipment; attractive pieces are sold as mineral specimens. Malachite-rich material may also be cut for cabochons and ornamental objects.

Geological facts

The vivid copper-red metallic areas are diagnostic of native copper, while green coatings commonly indicate malachite; reddish-brown zones may be cuprite or iron oxides.

Field identification & locations

Look for unusually high density, malleable metallic copper grains, green efflorescent coatings, and a copper-red streak; avoid relying on color alone because bronze-colored slag can look similar. Common localities include Michigan, Arizona, Chile, Russia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.