mineral
Orange-pink chalcedony (likely carnelian/chalcedony rough)
Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; iron-oxide-bearing chalcedony
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically Mohs hardness 6.5–7, waxy to glassy luster, translucent orange, peach, white, and gray banding, and no visible cleavage; composed of fibrous cryptocrystalline quartz. The irregular fracture and translucent silica-rich texture are consistent with chalcedony, though the image alone cannot exclude agate or quart…
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Physical properties
Typically Mohs hardness 6.5–7, waxy to glassy luster, translucent orange, peach, white, and gray banding, and no visible cleavage; composed of fibrous cryptocrystalline quartz. The irregular fracture and translucent silica-rich texture are consistent with chalcedony, though the image alone cannot exclude agate or quartzite.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rocks, later depositing quartz fibers and iron oxides; commonly Cenozoic to older, depending on host rock. Iron produces the orange-red coloration.
Uses & applications
Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, ornaments, and lapidary slabs; massive material has limited industrial use compared with ordinary quartz.
Geological facts
Carnelian is the orange-red variety of chalcedony, while agate is banded chalcedony. Heating can intensify pale chalcedony’s red-orange color.
Field identification & locations
Look for translucent edges, waxy luster, conchoidal fracture, and hardness sufficient to scratch glass; test inconspicuously because scratching reduces specimen value. Common localities include Brazil, Uruguay, India, Madagascar, Mexico, and the United States.
