Orange-red jasper pebble

Opaque, orange-brown, earthy to slightly waxy luster; cryptocrystalline quartz with no visible cleavage. Mohs hardness about 6.5–7; typically dense, tough, and fine-grained.

Forms when silica-rich fluids cement or replace sediments and volcanic material, with iron oxides producing the red-orange color. Deposits range from Precambrian to young alluvial gravels; this specimen is likely water-worn and polished/tumbled.

Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, bookends, and ornamental stone; attractive common pieces generally have modest value.

Jasper is technically an opaque variety of chalcedony or microcrystalline quartz, though the term is used broadly for iron-rich silica rocks.

Identify it by its opaque uniform color, fine texture, high hardness, and resistance to scratching by a steel knife; quartz or glass should scratch it, while it will not scratch a steel nail easily. Common in volcanic and sedimentary terrains worldwide, including India, Madagascar, Brazil, Australia, and the western United States.