igneous
Peridotite
Ultramafic igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 6-7, typically dark green to brownish-green, dull to vitreous luster, granular crystal structure, specific gravity around 3.3-3.4.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 6-7, typically dark green to brownish-green, dull to vitreous luster, granular crystal structure, specific gravity around 3.3-3.4.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the crystallization of magma rich in magnesium and iron deep within the Earth's mantle.
Uses & applications
Primary source of chromium and platinum group elements; source rock for gem-quality peridot.
Geological facts
Peridotite is the dominant rock type of the Earth's upper mantle and can be brought to the surface via tectonic processes or kimberlite pipes.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dense, dark green appearance and high olivine content; commonly found in ophiolite complexes and mountain belts worldwide.
