igneous
Peridotite
Ultramafic igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6-7, dark greenish-black color, vitreous to dull luster, coarse-grained phaneritic crystal structure, and a high specific gravity around 3.3-3.4.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6-7, dark greenish-black color, vitreous to dull luster, coarse-grained phaneritic crystal structure, and a high specific gravity around 3.3-3.4.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the crystallization of magma deep within the Earth's mantle, primarily composed of olivine and pyroxene.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in scientific research to understand mantle dynamics and as a source rock for chromium and diamonds.
Geological facts
Peridotite is the dominant rock type of the Earth's upper mantle and can alter into serpentinite in the presence of water.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its dense, dark green appearance and high olivine content; commonly found in ophiolite complexes and kimberlite pipes.
