igneous
Peridotite
Ultramafic igneous rock (primarily olivine and pyroxene)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6-7 on the Mohs scale, typically dark green to brownish-green in color, with a dull to vitreous luster and granular structure.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6-7 on the Mohs scale, typically dark green to brownish-green in color, with a dull to vitreous luster and granular structure.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the crystallization of magma deep within the Earth's mantle, dating across various geological eras.
Uses & applications
Primarily studied by geologists to understand mantle composition; source of gemstone-quality peridot.
Geological facts
Peridotite is the dominant rock type of the Earth's upper mantle and can alter to serpentinite in the presence of water.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its heavy density, coarse-grained texture, and abundance of green olivine crystals; found in ophiolite complexes and xenoliths worldwide.
