igneous
Peridotite
Ultramafic intrusive igneous rock
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6-7 on the Mohs scale, typically dark green to greenish-black in color, with a vitreous to dull luster and dense, coarse-grained crystal structure composed mainly of olivine and pyroxene.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6-7 on the Mohs scale, typically dark green to greenish-black in color, with a vitreous to dull luster and dense, coarse-grained crystal structure composed mainly of olivine and pyroxene.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma deep within the Earth's mantle, primarily consisting of mantle peridotite dating back billions of years.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as the primary source rock for diamonds and as a raw material for extracting magnesium and studying Earth's mantle composition.
Geological facts
Peridotite is the most abundant rock type in the Earth's upper mantle and can alter into serpentinite when exposed to water at lower temperatures.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its dense, heavy feel and distinct green tint from olivine content; commonly found in ophiolite complexes and tectonic uplift zones.
