mineral

Polished amethyst crystal point

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 7 Mohs; purple to violet coloration, commonly with white quartz and iron-stained zones. Vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal structure, conchoidal fracture, and no cleavage; the pictured piece is cut and polished.

Identified August 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when iron-bearing quartz crystallizes in gas cavities of volcanic basalt, with irradiation and trace iron producing the purple color. Most gem amethyst formed in Paleozoic–Mesozoic volcanic environments, though age varies by deposit.

Uses & applications

Used for jewelry, carvings, display points, metaphysical collecting, and ornamental objects; polished points have primarily decorative value.

Geological facts

Color intensity depends on iron content, irradiation, and heat treatment; excessive heating can turn amethyst yellow or brown, producing citrine-like material.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by purple quartz hardness, glassy luster, and typically uneven color zoning or chevron-like banding; major sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and Bolivia. The specimen appears to contain milky quartz and possibly included host material.