Rock Identifier
Polished blue-green metallic mineral specimen, likely bornite (“peacock ore”) (Bornite, Cu₅FeS₄; possibly chalcopyrite, CuFeS₂, with iridescent tarnish) — mineral
mineral

Polished blue-green metallic mineral specimen, likely bornite (“peacock ore”)

Bornite, Cu₅FeS₄; possibly chalcopyrite, CuFeS₂, with iridescent tarnish

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness about 3–3.5 (bornite) or 3.5–4 (chalcopyrite); metallic luster, opaque, blue-green-purple iridescence, and uneven fracture. The visible surface appears polished or naturally weathered rather than showing clear crystal faces.

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Physical properties

Hardness about 3–3.5 (bornite) or 3.5–4 (chalcopyrite); metallic luster, opaque, blue-green-purple iridescence, and uneven fracture. The visible surface appears polished or naturally weathered rather than showing clear crystal faces.

Formation & geological history

A copper-iron sulfide formed mainly in hydrothermal copper deposits and commonly associated with chalcopyrite, pyrite, and quartz. Such sulfides are generally hydrothermal and may range from Precambrian to younger geological ages.

Uses & applications

Primarily a copper ore and collectible mineral; polished pieces are sold decoratively as “peacock ore.” It is not normally used as a gemstone because of low hardness and susceptibility to tarnishing.

Geological facts

The vivid colors are a thin tarnish layer produced by oxidation, not the inherent color of fresh bornite. Commercial “peacock ore” is often chalcopyrite that has been artificially acid-treated to enhance iridescence.

Field identification & locations

Confirm with a streak, hardness, density, and ideally X-ray diffraction or chemistry; bornite is softer and more copper-rich than chalcopyrite. Common sources include Arizona and Montana (USA), Peru, Mexico, Chile, and Cornwall, England.