mineral
Polished brown jasper (likely brecciated or orbicular jasper)
Microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony, SiO₂, colored by iron oxides and other inclusions
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque brown, tan, and cream with dark mottling; waxy to vitreous luster; cryptocrystalline structure and no visible cleavage. The smoothly tumbled, teardrop-shaped surface indicates human polishing.
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Physical properties
Hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque brown, tan, and cream with dark mottling; waxy to vitreous luster; cryptocrystalline structure and no visible cleavage. The smoothly tumbled, teardrop-shaped surface indicates human polishing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities or replaces volcanic and sedimentary material, with iron oxides creating brown-red coloration; jasper deposits range from Precambrian to Cenozoic in age. Common sources include India, Madagascar, Brazil, Indonesia, and the western United States.
Uses & applications
Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, worry stones, and decorative objects; occasionally used as ornamental stone. This small polished piece is primarily a lapidary or collector specimen.
Geological facts
Jasper is a dense, opaque variety of chalcedony rather than a single mineral species; patterns result from brecciation, flow textures, mineral replacement, or iron staining.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its opaque appearance, fine texture, glass-scratching hardness, and lack of cleavage; a steel knife should not easily scratch it. Exact locality and pattern determine the variety and value.
