gemstone

Polished carnelian (likely)

Carnelian, a reddish-orange cryptocrystalline quartz variety; SiO₂

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 6.5–7; orange-red translucent body, vitreous to waxy luster, no visible crystals, and conchoidal fracture. The heart-shaped piece is polished and possibly lightly dyed or treated.

Identified September 5, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness 6.5–7; orange-red translucent body, vitreous to waxy luster, no visible crystals, and conchoidal fracture. The heart-shaped piece is polished and possibly lightly dyed or treated.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater deposits chalcedony in volcanic cavities or fractures, commonly with iron staining producing its color. Deposits range from Cenozoic to older volcanic-hosted formations.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, ornaments, and small polished hearts; durable enough for jewelry but not typically a high-value gem.

Geological facts

Carnelian is a variety of chalcedony, itself microcrystalline quartz; deeper, more even red-orange color generally increases desirability.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its orange-red color, translucency, glassy/waxy surface, and lack of cleavage; it should scratch glass but not be scratched by a steel knife. Common sources include India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and Germany.