Rock Identifier
Polished jasper (likely brecciated or red jasper) (Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂, with iron-oxide pigments and possible breccia fragments) — mineral
mineral

Polished jasper (likely brecciated or red jasper)

Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂, with iron-oxide pigments and possible breccia fragments

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Opaque reddish-brown, fine-grained, and weakly to moderately glossy where polished; hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs, no visible cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and specific gravity around 2.5–2.7. Pale angular patches may be quartz/chalcedony or weathered matrix.

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Physical properties

Opaque reddish-brown, fine-grained, and weakly to moderately glossy where polished; hardness about 6.5–7 Mohs, no visible cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and specific gravity around 2.5–2.7. Pale angular patches may be quartz/chalcedony or weathered matrix.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities or replaces volcanic and sedimentary material, with iron oxides producing the red-brown color; commonly Cenozoic to older, depending on the deposit. The specimen appears cut and polished from a natural nodule or slab.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, ornaments, and lapidary pieces; historically used for tools and decorative stone. It has modest value unless pattern, polish, or provenance is exceptional.

Geological facts

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony rather than a single mineral species. Red coloration generally reflects hematite or limonite inclusions.

Field identification & locations

Check for uniform fine texture, opaque red coloration, glassy conchoidal edges, and hardness sufficient to scratch glass; it should not fizz in dilute acid. Common sources include India, Madagascar, Brazil, Australia, Mexico, and the western United States.