mineral

Polished jasper pebble

Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with iron-oxide impurities

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Opaque reddish-brown to dark brown, fine-grained, waxy-to-glassy luster, and no visible crystals or cleavage; Mohs hardness about 6.5–7, specific gravity approximately 2.5–2.7. The rounded, polished form appears drilled and mounted as jewelry or a pendant.

Identified September 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Jasper forms when silica-rich groundwater fills or replaces sediments and volcanic materials, with iron oxides producing the red-brown coloration. Deposits occur from Precambrian to younger ages in many volcanic and sedimentary terrains.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, beads, pendants, carvings, and ornamental objects; its toughness makes it suitable for tumbled stones and decorative pieces.

Geological facts

Color patterns vary greatly, and trade names may include red jasper, picture jasper, or mookaite depending on locality and appearance. Exact identification requires testing because several opaque chalcedonies and iron-rich rocks look similar.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its opaque microcrystalline texture, hardness, smooth polish, and resistance to scratching by a steel blade; it should not fizz in dilute acid. Common sources include India, Madagascar, Brazil, Australia, and the western United States.