mineral
Polished jasper
Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂, with iron-oxide inclusions
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically Mohs hardness 6.5–7, opaque, with a vitreous-to-waxy luster and orange-brown, cream, and reddish swirled patterns. The rounded, glossy surface indicates a tumbled and polished specimen; crystal grains are microscopic and cleavage is absent.
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Physical properties
Typically Mohs hardness 6.5–7, opaque, with a vitreous-to-waxy luster and orange-brown, cream, and reddish swirled patterns. The rounded, glossy surface indicates a tumbled and polished specimen; crystal grains are microscopic and cleavage is absent.
Formation & geological history
Jasper forms when silica-rich fluids replace or cement volcanic ash, sediment, or altered rock, with iron oxides producing the warm colors. Deposits are geologically varied and commonly Paleozoic to Cenozoic, depending on locality.
Uses & applications
Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, tumbling, ornamental objects, and lapidary practice; it has little structural or industrial use compared with ordinary quartz.
Geological facts
The pattern may resemble scenic or picture jasper, but exact variety and locality cannot be confirmed from the photograph alone.
Field identification & locations
Identify it by its opacity, colorful fine-grained patterns, glassy polish, lack of cleavage, and resistance to scratching by a steel knife; glassy look-alikes may show bubbles or be softer. Common sources include India, Madagascar, Brazil, Australia, Mexico, and the western United States.
