mineral

Polished malachite

Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Green, concentrically banded, opaque carbonate mineral with a silky to vitreous polish; Mohs hardness 3.5–4, monoclinic crystal structure, perfect cleavage, and specific gravity about 3.6–4.0. The specimen appears tumbled and may have a paper label or coating.

Identified September 22, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary copper mineral in the oxidized zones of copper deposits, commonly replacing limestone or occurring with azurite; most deposits are Cenozoic to older, depending on the host ore body.

Uses & applications

Used for ornamental carvings, cabochons, beads, pigment, and mineral collections; it is too soft and chemically sensitive for most demanding jewelry applications.

Geological facts

Its vivid green color and curved banding are distinctive, but dyes and imitations exist. Avoid acids, ultrasonic cleaners, prolonged sunlight, and abrasion.

Field identification & locations

Identify by opaque emerald-to-dark-green concentric banding, relatively low hardness, and high density; common sources include the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, Russia, Australia, and Arizona, USA.