mineral
Polished malachite
Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectBright emerald- to blue-green with concentric banding and silky to vitreous luster; monoclinic carbonate, Mohs hardness 3.5–4, specific gravity about 3.6–4.0, with perfect cleavage. The rounded, polished form is likely a small cabochon or tumbled specimen.
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Physical properties
Bright emerald- to blue-green with concentric banding and silky to vitreous luster; monoclinic carbonate, Mohs hardness 3.5–4, specific gravity about 3.6–4.0, with perfect cleavage. The rounded, polished form is likely a small cabochon or tumbled specimen.
Formation & geological history
Forms as a secondary copper mineral in the oxidized zones of copper deposits, commonly replacing or coating host rock; most deposits are Cenozoic to older, depending on the ore body.
Uses & applications
Used for ornamental carvings, cabochons, beads, pigments, and collection; too soft and cleavage-prone for most high-wear jewelry. Historically ground as a green pigment.
Geological facts
Its vivid banding results from repeated mineral deposition and varying growth conditions. It may occur with azurite, chrysocolla, cuprite, and native copper.
Field identification & locations
Identify by intense green concentric bands, softness, and high density; avoid acids and prolonged water exposure. Important sources include the Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Russia, Australia, and Arizona, USA.
