mineral
Polished red jasper beads
Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) colored mainly by iron oxides
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque reddish-brown to dark brown, with vitreous-to-waxy luster and no visible cleavage. The beads are polished and drilled, so natural crystal structure is concealed; specific gravity is about 2.5–2.9.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; opaque reddish-brown to dark brown, with vitreous-to-waxy luster and no visible cleavage. The beads are polished and drilled, so natural crystal structure is concealed; specific gravity is about 2.5–2.9.
Formation & geological history
Jasper forms when silica-rich fluids replace or cement volcanic ash, sediments, or other rocks, with iron oxides producing the red-brown color. Deposits occur in many ages, commonly in Precambrian and volcanic terrains.
Uses & applications
Used for jewelry, beads, carvings, cabochons, and ornamental objects; it is generally inexpensive and valued for color and pattern.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony or microcrystalline quartz, not a single mineral species. Red coloration typically reflects hematite or other iron-oxide inclusions.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its opaque body, glassy/waxy polish, quartz-like hardness, and red-brown iron staining; it should resist scratching from a steel blade. Common sources include India, Madagascar, Brazil, South Africa, and the western United States.
