mineral
Polished red plume agate
Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂, with iron-oxide inclusions
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6.5–7 Mohs; red-orange, gray, and white banded/plume patterns; vitreous to waxy luster; cryptocrystalline structure with no visible cleavage; specific gravity about 2.6.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; red-orange, gray, and white banded/plume patterns; vitreous to waxy luster; cryptocrystalline structure with no visible cleavage; specific gravity about 2.6.
Formation & geological history
Silica-rich groundwater filled cavities in volcanic lava, depositing chalcedony and quartz in layers while iron oxides produced the red color. Most agates formed during the Paleozoic–Cenozoic in volcanic terrains; exact locality is indeterminate from the image.
Uses & applications
Commonly cut and polished for cabochons, beads, carvings, and decorative objects; durable but not usually highly valuable.
Geological facts
Agate is a variety of chalcedony distinguished by banding or patterned internal growth. The specimen appears tumbled or cabochon-polished, with natural plume-like inclusions enhanced by its smooth surface.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its translucent edges, waxy/vitreous polish, hardness, and curved concentric or plume-like patterns; it should resist scratching by steel. Common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, India, Madagascar, and the western United States.
