metamorphic
Polished serpentine (likely bowenite)
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite/lizardite; commonly Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectGreen-and-white mottled, polished surface with waxy to subvitreous luster; typically massive rather than visibly crystalline. Mohs hardness is about 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and specific gravity around 2.5–2.6.
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Physical properties
Green-and-white mottled, polished surface with waxy to subvitreous luster; typically massive rather than visibly crystalline. Mohs hardness is about 2.5–4, with poor cleavage and specific gravity around 2.5–2.6.
Formation & geological history
Forms when magnesium-rich ultramafic rocks such as peridotite hydrate during metamorphism, commonly in oceanic crust and subduction-zone settings. The specimen is geologically ancient, but its exact age cannot be determined from the photograph.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental stone, carvings, cabochons, beads, and sometimes architectural stone; higher-quality translucent bowenite is a jade substitute. Avoid grinding or inhaling dust because some serpentinites may contain asbestos-form minerals.
Geological facts
The mottled pattern and soft, waxy appearance are characteristic of serpentine. Bowenite is a compact, often translucent serpentine variety historically marketed as New Zealand jade.
Field identification & locations
Common in serpentinite belts worldwide, including California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and Afghanistan. Confirm with hardness, streak, specific gravity, and laboratory testing; visual identification is not definitive.
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