mineral

Polished yellow-orange chalcedony (likely carnelian)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; iron-bearing variety commonly called carnelian

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically Mohs 6.5–7, translucent orange-yellow, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline quartz with no visible cleavage and conchoidal fracture. The rounded shape indicates tumbling or polishing; internal pale swirls may reflect banding or inclusions.

Identified September 7, 2026More mineral →

Explore Polished yellow-orange chalcedony (likely carnelian) in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures, with iron oxides producing orange coloration; deposits range from ancient volcanic-hosted veins to younger sedimentary settings. Common sources include Brazil, India, Uruguay, Madagascar, and the United States.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, ornaments, and inexpensive jewelry; polished pieces are popular as collecting specimens.

Geological facts

Carnelian is a chalcedony variety whose color ranges from yellow-orange to deep red, and heating can intensify or alter its color. The specimen may also be yellow jasper or dyed chalcedony, which cannot be confirmed from the photograph alone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its smooth waxy surface, translucency, quartz-like hardness, and lack of cleavage; it should resist scratching by a steel knife but scratch glass. Examine under magnification for natural color zoning and test specific gravity (~2.6) if authentication matters.