Rock Identifier
Possible hematite- or magnetite-rich rock (Likely iron oxide, chiefly hematite (Fe₂O₃) and/or magnetite (Fe₃O₄); exact identification requires testing) — mineral
mineral

Possible hematite- or magnetite-rich rock

Likely iron oxide, chiefly hematite (Fe₂O₃) and/or magnetite (Fe₃O₄); exact identification requires testing

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Dark gray to black, irregular and possibly granular, with metallic to submetallic luster; hematite hardness 5–6.5 and magnetite 5.5–6.5 Mohs, both commonly lacking obvious cleavage. Magnetite is strongly magnetic; hematite typically produces a red-brown streak.

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Physical properties

Dark gray to black, irregular and possibly granular, with metallic to submetallic luster; hematite hardness 5–6.5 and magnetite 5.5–6.5 Mohs, both commonly lacking obvious cleavage. Magnetite is strongly magnetic; hematite typically produces a red-brown streak.

Formation & geological history

Formed through oxidation or hydrothermal concentration of iron, or as an accessory mineral in igneous and metamorphic rocks; deposits range from Precambrian banded iron formations to younger veins and weathering zones.

Uses & applications

Iron oxides are major iron ores, pigments, and heavy-media materials; attractive crystalline or botryoidal pieces are collected, though this rough specimen appears low-grade.

Geological facts

A magnet test and streak test are most diagnostic: magnetite attracts a magnet and leaves a black streak, while hematite leaves a reddish-brown streak. Surface water and lighting can make the specimen appear unusually glossy.

Field identification & locations

Common worldwide, especially in banded iron formations and hydrothermal veins; notable sources include Michigan, Minnesota, Brazil, Australia, and South Africa. The image alone cannot distinguish hematite from magnetite confidently.