mineral
Pyrite with Galena and Sphalerite on Matrix
Iron Sulfide (FeS2), Lead Sulfide (PbS), Zinc Sulfide (ZnS)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 3.5 to 6.5 depending on the specific mineral (Pyrite is 6-6.5, Sphalerite is 3.5-4, Galena is 2.5). Color: Metallic brass-yellow (pyrite), silvery gray (galena), yellowish brown to black (sphalerite). Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic. Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic). Specific gravity: 4.0 to 7.5.
- Hardness
- 3
- Luster
- Metallic to sub-metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5 to 6.5 depending on the specific mineral (Pyrite is 6-6.5, Sphalerite is 3.5-4, Galena is 2.5). Color: Metallic brass-yellow (pyrite), silvery gray (galena), yellowish brown to black (sphalerite). Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic. Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic). Specific gravity: 4.0 to 7.5.
Formation & geological history
Formed predominantly in hydrothermal vein systems, replacement deposits, and sedimentary environments at varying temperatures, often associated with lead-zinc-silver ore deposits.
Uses & applications
Used as mineral specimens for collectors, source of lead, zinc, and iron, and historically for producing sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid.
Geological facts
Pyrite is famously known as 'Fool's Gold' due to its metallic luster and pale brass-yellow hue, which has historically fooled many prospectors.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinctive metallic luster, high density (heavy in the hand due to galena), brassy cubic or crystalline clusters, and association with carbonate or sulfide gangue rocks. Found globally, notably in Peru, Spain, Mexico, and the USA.
