mineral

Pyrite with Galena and Sphalerite on Matrix

Iron Sulfide (FeS2), Lead Sulfide (PbS), Zinc Sulfide (ZnS)

Hardness: 3.5 to 6.5 depending on the specific mineral (Pyrite is 6-6.5, Sphalerite is 3.5-4, Galena is 2.5). Color: Metallic brass-yellow (pyrite), silvery gray (galena), yellowish brown to black (sphalerite). Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic. Crystal structure: Isometric (cubic). Specific gravity: 4.0 to 7.5.

Hardness: 3
Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic

Identified August 1, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed predominantly in hydrothermal vein systems, replacement deposits, and sedimentary environments at varying temperatures, often associated with lead-zinc-silver ore deposits.

Uses & applications

Used as mineral specimens for collectors, source of lead, zinc, and iron, and historically for producing sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid.

Geological facts

Pyrite is famously known as 'Fool's Gold' due to its metallic luster and pale brass-yellow hue, which has historically fooled many prospectors.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive metallic luster, high density (heavy in the hand due to galena), brassy cubic or crystalline clusters, and association with carbonate or sulfide gangue rocks. Found globally, notably in Peru, Spain, Mexico, and the USA.

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