mineral
Quartz (Agate/Chalcedony)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, vitreous to waxy luster, conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, vitreous to waxy luster, conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Forms in hydrothermal veins, cavities of volcanic rocks, and sedimentary environments through the deposition of silica-rich solutions over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry, lapidary arts, ornamental carvings, electronic oscillators, and industrial applications.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's continental crust and exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electrical charge when mechanical stress is applied.
Field identification & locations
Easily identifiable by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Commonly found in riverbeds, pegmatites, and sedimentary deposits worldwide.
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