mineral
Quartz Crystal Cluster in Matrix
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; white to clear with iron-oxide staining (yellow/brown); vitreous to greasy luster; hexagonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture; specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; white to clear with iron-oxide staining (yellow/brown); vitreous to greasy luster; hexagonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture; specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites where silica-rich fluids cooled and crystallized over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in gemstone collection, decorative items, electronics, and oscillators due to its piezoelectric properties.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's continental crust and forms the basis of many gemstones such as amethyst and citrine.
Field identification & locations
Easily identifiable by its high hardness (scratches glass), crystal faces, and lack of cleavage. Found worldwide in various geological settings.
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