mineral
Quartz (Iron-Stained / Ferruginous Quartz)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, vitreous luster, colorless to white base with reddish-brown and yellowish iron oxide (limonite/hematite) staining, conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, vitreous luster, colorless to white base with reddish-brown and yellowish iron oxide (limonite/hematite) staining, conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins, pegmatites, and sedimentary environments where silica-rich fluids deposit quartz, often exposed to iron-bearing groundwater that creates the rusty staining.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics, glassmaking, countertops, decorative items, and mineral collecting.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in Earth's continental crust. Iron staining is very common, often referred to colloquially as 'fire quartz' or 'hematoid quartz' when vibrant red.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in virtually all geological environments.
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