mineral
Quartz (Milky/Clear variety)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to white/milky, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to white/milky, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed from cooling magma (igneous) or precipitated from hydrothermal veins. It is found in a vast range of geological environments across nearly all ages of the Earth's crust.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics (as piezoelectric crystals), glass manufacturing, abrasives, jewelry, and extensively as a gemstone for collectors.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is chemically very stable and resistant to weathering, which is why it is often the primary component of river and beach sand.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (it can scratch glass and steel knife blades) and its lack of cleavage. It is found globally, particularly in mountainous regions and riverbeds.
