sedimentary
Quartz Pebble
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; color ranges from white, gray, to colorless; vitreous to dull luster; cryptocrystalline or macrocrystalline quartz structure; conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage; specific gravity of around 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; color ranges from white, gray, to colorless; vitreous to dull luster; cryptocrystalline or macrocrystalline quartz structure; conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage; specific gravity of around 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the weathering and prolonged aqueous transportation of larger quartz-bearing rocks, commonly found in riverbeds, beaches, and alluvial deposits over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in landscaping, decorative paths, abrasive materials, glassmaking, and silica production.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant and durable minerals in Earth's continental crust. Its high resistance to chemical weathering allows it to survive long transport distances where softer minerals erode away.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its high hardness (scratches glass) and smooth, rounded water-worn shape. Commonly found worldwide in stream beds, gravel bars, and sedimentary conglomerates.
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