mineral
Quartz pebble
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; color ranges from white, transparent, to yellowish due to weathering or iron staining; vitreous luster; hexagonal crystal system when formed well, but rounded here due to transport; conchoidal fracture; specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; color ranges from white, transparent, to yellowish due to weathering or iron staining; vitreous luster; hexagonal crystal system when formed well, but rounded here due to transport; conchoidal fracture; specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed through crystallization in various geological environments, predominantly in igneous and metamorphic rocks, then weathered and transported by water to form smooth pebble deposits in sedimentary environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in landscaping, decorative stone, manufacturing of glass, abrasives, and electronics.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant and durable minerals in Earth's continental crust. Its high resistance to physical and chemical weathering allows it to survive long transport distances in rivers and oceans.
Field identification & locations
Found worldwide in riverbeds, beaches, and gravel deposits. Easily identified by its high hardness (scratches glass) and conchoidal fracture.
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