sedimentary
Quartz Sand and Gravel
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, transparent to translucent with a vitreous to greasy luster, lack of cleavage, irregular to conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, transparent to translucent with a vitreous to greasy luster, lack of cleavage, irregular to conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the mechanical weathering, transportation, and deposition of preexisting rocks rich in quartz, typically occurring in riverbeds, beaches, and desert environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction (concrete, mortar), glassmaking, manufacturing of electronics, abrasive blasting, and hydraulic fracturing in the oil and gas industry.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's continental crust. Sand deposits often record complex geological histories spanning vast stretches of geological time.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its high hardness (scratching glass easily), lack of cleavage, and resistance to chemical weathering. Ubiquitous worldwide.
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Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Fossiliferous Concretion
Septarian Concretion containing Brachiopods/Crinoids
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Quartz pebble
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment
Lithic fragment / Weathered rock
sedimentary
Banded Siltstone / Mudstone Pebble
Siltstone / Argillite
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Sedimentary Sandstone
Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)
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